fix: missing error throw in non-Interactive mode

fix(core): coerce string boolean values in schema validation

README.md

@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ See [settings](https://qwenlm.github.io/qwen-code-docs/en/users/configuration/se
 
 Looking for a graphical interface?
 
+- [**AionUi**](https://github.com/iOfficeAI/AionUi) A modern GUI for command-line AI tools including Qwen Code
 - [**Gemini CLI Desktop**](https://github.com/Piebald-AI/gemini-cli-desktop) A cross-platform desktop/web/mobile UI for Qwen Code
 
 ## Troubleshooting

packages/cli/src/nonInteractiveCli.test.ts

@@ -771,6 +771,52 @@ describe('runNonInteractive', () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it('should handle API errors in text mode and exit with error code', async () => {
+    (mockConfig.getOutputFormat as Mock).mockReturnValue(OutputFormat.TEXT);
+    setupMetricsMock();
+
+    // Simulate an API error event (like 401 unauthorized)
+    const apiErrorEvent: ServerGeminiStreamEvent = {
+      type: GeminiEventType.Error,
+      value: {
+        error: {
+          message: '401 Incorrect API key provided',
+          status: 401,
+        },
+      },
+    };
+
+    mockGeminiClient.sendMessageStream.mockReturnValue(
+      createStreamFromEvents([apiErrorEvent]),
+    );
+
+    let thrownError: Error | null = null;
+    try {
+      await runNonInteractive(
+        mockConfig,
+        mockSettings,
+        'Test input',
+        'prompt-id-api-error',
+      );
+      // Should not reach here
+      expect.fail('Expected error to be thrown');
+    } catch (error) {
+      thrownError = error as Error;
+    }
+
+    // Should throw with the API error message
+    expect(thrownError).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(thrownError?.message).toContain('401');
+    expect(thrownError?.message).toContain('Incorrect API key provided');
+
+    // Verify error was written to stderr
+    expect(processStderrSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    const stderrCalls = processStderrSpy.mock.calls;
+    const errorOutput = stderrCalls.map((call) => call[0]).join('');
+    expect(errorOutput).toContain('401');
+    expect(errorOutput).toContain('Incorrect API key provided');
+  });
+
   it('should handle FatalInputError with custom exit code in JSON format', async () => {
     (mockConfig.getOutputFormat as Mock).mockReturnValue(OutputFormat.JSON);
     setupMetricsMock();

packages/cli/src/nonInteractiveCli.ts

@@ -308,6 +308,8 @@ export async function runNonInteractive(
                 config.getContentGeneratorConfig()?.authType,
               );
               process.stderr.write(`${errorText}\n`);
+              // Throw error to exit with non-zero code
+              throw new Error(errorText);
             }
           }
         }

packages/core/src/core/openaiContentGenerator/converter.test.ts

@@ -542,4 +542,206 @@ describe('OpenAIContentConverter', () => {
       expect(original).toEqual(originalCopy);
     });
   });
+
+  describe('mergeConsecutiveAssistantMessages', () => {
+    it('should merge two consecutive assistant messages with string content', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'First part' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Second part' }],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(messages[0].role).toBe('assistant');
+      const content = messages[0]
+        .content as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[];
+      expect(content).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'First part' });
+      expect(content[1]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'Second part' });
+    });
+
+    it('should merge multiple consecutive assistant messages', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Part 1' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Part 2' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Part 3' }],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(messages[0].role).toBe('assistant');
+      const content = messages[0]
+        .content as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[];
+      expect(content).toHaveLength(3);
+    });
+
+    it('should merge tool_calls from consecutive assistant messages', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [
+              {
+                functionCall: {
+                  id: 'call_1',
+                  name: 'tool_1',
+                  args: {},
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'user',
+            parts: [
+              {
+                functionResponse: {
+                  id: 'call_1',
+                  name: 'tool_1',
+                  response: { output: 'result_1' },
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [
+              {
+                functionCall: {
+                  id: 'call_2',
+                  name: 'tool_2',
+                  args: {},
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'user',
+            parts: [
+              {
+                functionResponse: {
+                  id: 'call_2',
+                  name: 'tool_2',
+                  response: { output: 'result_2' },
+                },
+              },
+            ],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      // Should have: assistant (tool_call_1), tool (result_1), assistant (tool_call_2), tool (result_2)
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(4);
+      expect(messages[0].role).toBe('assistant');
+      expect(messages[1].role).toBe('tool');
+      expect(messages[2].role).toBe('assistant');
+      expect(messages[3].role).toBe('tool');
+    });
+
+    it('should not merge assistant messages separated by user messages', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'First assistant' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'user',
+            parts: [{ text: 'User message' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Second assistant' }],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(3);
+      expect(messages[0].role).toBe('assistant');
+      expect(messages[1].role).toBe('user');
+      expect(messages[2].role).toBe('assistant');
+    });
+
+    it('should handle merging when one message has array content and another has string', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Text part' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Another text' }],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(1);
+      const content = messages[0]
+        .content as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[];
+      expect(Array.isArray(content)).toBe(true);
+      expect(content).toHaveLength(2);
+    });
+
+    it('should merge empty content correctly', () => {
+      const request: GenerateContentParameters = {
+        model: 'models/test',
+        contents: [
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'First' }],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [],
+          },
+          {
+            role: 'model',
+            parts: [{ text: 'Second' }],
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const messages = converter.convertGeminiRequestToOpenAI(request);
+
+      // Empty messages should be filtered out
+      expect(messages).toHaveLength(1);
+      const content = messages[0]
+        .content as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[];
+      expect(content).toHaveLength(2);
+      expect(content[0]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'First' });
+      expect(content[1]).toEqual({ type: 'text', text: 'Second' });
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/core/src/core/openaiContentGenerator/converter.ts

@@ -1120,12 +1120,44 @@ export class OpenAIContentConverter {
         // If the last message is also an assistant message, merge them
         if (lastMessage.role === 'assistant') {
           // Combine content
-          const combinedContent = [
-            typeof lastMessage.content === 'string' ? lastMessage.content : '',
-            typeof message.content === 'string' ? message.content : '',
-          ]
-            .filter(Boolean)
-            .join('');
+          const lastContent = lastMessage.content;
+          const currentContent = message.content;
+
+          // Determine if we should use array format (if either content is an array)
+          const useArrayFormat =
+            Array.isArray(lastContent) || Array.isArray(currentContent);
+
+          let combinedContent:
+            | string
+            | OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[]
+            | null;
+
+          if (useArrayFormat) {
+            // Convert both to array format and merge
+            const lastParts = Array.isArray(lastContent)
+              ? lastContent
+              : typeof lastContent === 'string' && lastContent
+                ? [{ type: 'text' as const, text: lastContent }]
+                : [];
+
+            const currentParts = Array.isArray(currentContent)
+              ? currentContent
+              : typeof currentContent === 'string' && currentContent
+                ? [{ type: 'text' as const, text: currentContent }]
+                : [];
+
+            combinedContent = [
+              ...lastParts,
+              ...currentParts,
+            ] as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[];
+          } else {
+            // Both are strings or null, merge as strings
+            const lastText = typeof lastContent === 'string' ? lastContent : '';
+            const currentText =
+              typeof currentContent === 'string' ? currentContent : '';
+            const mergedText = [lastText, currentText].filter(Boolean).join('');
+            combinedContent = mergedText || null;
+          }
 
           // Combine tool calls
           const lastToolCalls =
@@ -1137,14 +1169,17 @@ export class OpenAIContentConverter {
           // Update the last message with combined data
           (
             lastMessage as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionMessageParam & {
-              content: string | null;
+              content: string | OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[] | null;
               tool_calls?: OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionMessageToolCall[];
             }
           ).content = combinedContent || null;
           if (combinedToolCalls.length > 0) {
             (
               lastMessage as OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionMessageParam & {
-                content: string | null;
+                content:
+                  | string
+                  | OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionContentPart[]
+                  | null;
                 tool_calls?: OpenAI.Chat.ChatCompletionMessageToolCall[];
               }
             ).tool_calls = combinedToolCalls;

packages/core/src/tools/shell.test.ts

@@ -169,6 +169,44 @@ describe('ShellTool', () => {
       });
       expect(invocation.getDescription()).not.toContain('[background]');
     });
+
+    describe('is_background parameter coercion', () => {
+      it('should accept string "true" as boolean true', () => {
+        const invocation = shellTool.build({
+          command: 'npm run dev',
+          is_background: 'true' as unknown as boolean,
+        });
+        expect(invocation).toBeDefined();
+        expect(invocation.getDescription()).toContain('[background]');
+      });
+
+      it('should accept string "false" as boolean false', () => {
+        const invocation = shellTool.build({
+          command: 'npm run build',
+          is_background: 'false' as unknown as boolean,
+        });
+        expect(invocation).toBeDefined();
+        expect(invocation.getDescription()).not.toContain('[background]');
+      });
+
+      it('should accept string "True" as boolean true', () => {
+        const invocation = shellTool.build({
+          command: 'npm run dev',
+          is_background: 'True' as unknown as boolean,
+        });
+        expect(invocation).toBeDefined();
+        expect(invocation.getDescription()).toContain('[background]');
+      });
+
+      it('should accept string "False" as boolean false', () => {
+        const invocation = shellTool.build({
+          command: 'npm run build',
+          is_background: 'False' as unknown as boolean,
+        });
+        expect(invocation).toBeDefined();
+        expect(invocation.getDescription()).not.toContain('[background]');
+      });
+    });
   });
 
   describe('execute', () => {

packages/core/src/utils/schemaValidator.test.ts

@@ -122,4 +122,91 @@ describe('SchemaValidator', () => {
     };
     expect(SchemaValidator.validate(schema, params)).not.toBeNull();
   });
+
+  describe('boolean string coercion', () => {
+    const booleanSchema = {
+      type: 'object',
+      properties: {
+        is_background: {
+          type: 'boolean',
+        },
+      },
+      required: ['is_background'],
+    };
+
+    it('should coerce string "true" to boolean true', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'true' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('should coerce string "True" to boolean true', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'True' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('should coerce string "TRUE" to boolean true', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'TRUE' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('should coerce string "false" to boolean false', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'false' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should coerce string "False" to boolean false', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'False' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should coerce string "FALSE" to boolean false', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: 'FALSE' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    it('should handle nested objects with string booleans', () => {
+      const nestedSchema = {
+        type: 'object',
+        properties: {
+          options: {
+            type: 'object',
+            properties: {
+              enabled: { type: 'boolean' },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      };
+      const params = { options: { enabled: 'true' } };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(nestedSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect((params.options as unknown as { enabled: boolean }).enabled).toBe(
+        true,
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('should not affect non-boolean strings', () => {
+      const mixedSchema = {
+        type: 'object',
+        properties: {
+          name: { type: 'string' },
+          is_active: { type: 'boolean' },
+        },
+      };
+      const params = { name: 'trueman', is_active: 'true' };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(mixedSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.name).toBe('trueman');
+      expect(params.is_active).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    it('should pass through actual boolean values unchanged', () => {
+      const params = { is_background: true };
+      expect(SchemaValidator.validate(booleanSchema, params)).toBeNull();
+      expect(params.is_background).toBe(true);
+    });
+  });
 });

packages/core/src/utils/schemaValidator.ts

@@ -41,14 +41,12 @@ export class SchemaValidator {
       return 'Value of params must be an object';
     }
     const validate = ajValidator.compile(schema);
-    const valid = validate(data);
+    let valid = validate(data);
     if (!valid && validate.errors) {
-      // Find any True or False values and lowercase them
-      fixBooleanCasing(data as Record<string, unknown>);
-
-      const validate = ajValidator.compile(schema);
-      const valid = validate(data);
+      // Coerce string boolean values ("true"/"false") to actual booleans
+      fixBooleanValues(data as Record<string, unknown>);
 
+      valid = validate(data);
       if (!valid && validate.errors) {
         return ajValidator.errorsText(validate.errors, { dataVar: 'params' });
       }
@@ -57,13 +55,29 @@ export class SchemaValidator {
   }
 }
 
-function fixBooleanCasing(data: Record<string, unknown>) {
+/**
+ * Coerces string boolean values to actual booleans.
+ * This handles cases where LLMs return "true"/"false" strings instead of boolean values,
+ * which is common with self-hosted LLMs.
+ *
+ * Converts:
+ * - "true", "True", "TRUE" -> true
+ * - "false", "False", "FALSE" -> false
+ */
+function fixBooleanValues(data: Record<string, unknown>) {
   for (const key of Object.keys(data)) {
     if (!(key in data)) continue;
+    const value = data[key];
 
-    if (typeof data[key] === 'object') {
-      fixBooleanCasing(data[key] as Record<string, unknown>);
-    } else if (data[key] === 'True') data[key] = 'true';
-    else if (data[key] === 'False') data[key] = 'false';
+    if (typeof value === 'object' && value !== null) {
+      fixBooleanValues(value as Record<string, unknown>);
+    } else if (typeof value === 'string') {
+      const lower = value.toLowerCase();
+      if (lower === 'true') {
+        data[key] = true;
+      } else if (lower === 'false') {
+        data[key] = false;
+      }
+    }
   }
 }